Ukuphuhliswa kobuchwepheshe be-turbocharging
Itekhnoloji yeTurbocharging yacetywa kuqala nguPosey, injineli yaseSwitzerland, kwaye wafaka isicelo selungelo elilodwa lomenzi we "injini yokutshisa itekhnoloji eyi-supercharger encedisayo".Injongo yokuqala yolu bugcisa yayiza kusetyenziswa kwinqwelo-moya kunye namatanki kude kube ngo-1961. , iGeneral Motors yaseUnited States, yaqalisa ukuzama ukufaka i-turbocharger kwimodeli ye-Chevrolet, kodwa ngenxa yobugcisa obulinganiselwe ngelo xesha, kwakukho ezininzi. iingxaki, kwaye ayizange ikhuthazwe ngokubanzi.
Ngeminyaka yee-1970, i-Porsche 911 exhotyiswe nge-injini ye-turbocharged yaphuma, eyayiyinguqu kuphuhliso lobuchwepheshe be-turbocharging.Kamva, i-Saab yaphucula itekhnoloji ye-turbocharging, ukuze le teknoloji isetyenziswe ngokubanzi.
Umgaqo we-turbocharging
Umgaqo wetekhnoloji ye-turbocharging ilula kakhulu, kukusebenzisa igesi yokukhupha ekhutshwe kwi-injini ukutyhala i-impeller ukuvelisa amandla, ukuqhuba i-coaxial intake turbine, kunye nokucinezela umoya ongena kwi-cylinder, ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa amandla kunye ne-torque ye-torque. injini.
Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, kuye kwakho i-injini ye-elektroniki, eyokuqhuba icompressor yomoya ngemoto.Zombini zinemigaqo efanayo, zombini zezomoya ocinezelayo, kodwa uhlobo lwe-supercharging yahlukile.
Ngokuthandwa kobuchwepheshe be-turbocharging, abanye abantu banokucinga ukuba ukuba i-turbocharger yophukile, iya kuchaphazela kuphela umthamo womoya we-injini.Ngaba inokusetyenziswa njengenjini enqwenelekayo ngokwendalo?
Ayinakusetyenziswa njenge-injini yokuzenzela
Ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga oomatshini, kubonakala kusenzeka.Kodwa eneneni, xa i-turbocharger isilela, yonke injini iya kuchaphazeleka kakhulu.Kuba kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-injini ye-turbocharged kunye ne-injini enqwenelekayo ngokwendalo.
Umzekelo, ukuze ucinezele ukunkqonkqozwa kweenjini ze-turbocharged, umlinganiselo woxinzelelo uphakathi kwe-9:1 kunye ne-10:1.Ukuze ukucudisa amandla kangangoko kunokwenzeka, umlinganiselo wocinezelo yeenjini ezinqwenelekayo ngokwendalo ungaphezulu kwe-11:1, ekhokelela kwii-injini ezimbini ziyahluka kwi-valve phasing, i-valve overlap angle, i-injini yokulawula i-injini, kunye nokumila kweepiston.
Kufana nomntu ongenwa yingqele embi, impumlo yakhe ingangeni moya.Nangona ekwazi ukugcina ukuphefumla, kuya kuhlala kungakhululeki.Xa i-turbocharger ineentsilelo ezahlukeneyo, impembelelo kwi-injini ingaba nkulu okanye encinci.
Iimpawu zokuFayiswa kweTurbine
Iimpawu ezicacileyo ngakumbi kukuhla kwamandla emoto, ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwamafutha, ukutshiswa kweoli, umsi oluhlaza okanye umsi omnyama ophuma kumbhobho wokukhupha, ingxolo engaqhelekanga okanye isandi esirhabaxa xa ukhawuleza okanye uvala i-accelerator.Ngoko ke, xa i-turbocharger yophukile, akufunekanga isetyenziswe njenge-injini yokuzimela.
Uhlobo lokuFaila kweTurbine
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokungaphumeleli kwe-turbocharger, enokuthi yahlulwe ngokufanelekileyo kwiindidi ezi-3.
1. Kukho ingxaki ngokusebenza kokutywinwa, njengokutywinwa kwe-shaft impeller engafanelekanga, i-air duct eyonakalisiweyo, ukuguga kunye nokuguga kwe-oil seal, njl. Ukuba iingxaki ezinjalo zenzeka, injini iyaqhubeka nokusebenza, engeyona ingxaki enkulu, kodwa kuya kukhokelela ekusetyenzisweni kwepetroli okwandisiweyo, ukutshisa ioyile, kunye nokuqhuba ixesha elide, kunye nokwanda kokubekelwa kwekhabhoni, okubangela ukuba injini itsale isilinda.
2. Uhlobo lwesibini lwengxaki kukuvaleka.Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umbhobho wokujikeleza kwegesi ephumayo uvaliwe, ukungena kunye nokuphuma kwe-injini kuya kuchaphazeleka, kwaye amandla nawo aya kuchaphazeleka kakhulu;
3. Uhlobo lwesithathu kukungaphumeleli koomatshini.Ngokomzekelo, i-impeller yaphukile, umbhobho wonakaliswe, njl., Oku kunokubangela ukuba ezinye izinto zangaphandle zingene kwi-injini, kwaye mhlawumbi injini iya kuchithwa ngokuthe ngqo.
Ubomi beTurbocharger
Ngapha koko, itekhnoloji yangoku ye-turbocharging inokuqinisekisa ubomi benkonzo efanayo ne-injini.I-turbo ixhomekeke kakhulu kwi-oyile ukuthambisa kunye nokuchitha ubushushu.Ngoko ke, kwiimodeli ze-turbocharged, nje ukuba unike ingqalelo ekukhethweni kunye nomgangatho weoli ngexesha lokugcinwa kwemoto, ngokusisiseko ukusilela okunzulu kunqabile.
Ukuba ngokwenene udibana nomonakalo, unokuqhubeka uqhuba ngesantya esiphantsi ngaphantsi kwe-1500 rpm, zama ukuphepha ukungenelela kwe-turbo, kwaye uye kwivenkile yokulungisa ingcali ukuze ulungiswe ngokukhawuleza.
Ixesha lokuthumela: 29-06-22